Lying in the north-western part of Tunisia is Bulla Regia a notable Roman city. Located close to the modern city Jendouba, Bulla Regia is renowned for semi-subterranean houses belonging to the Hadrianic period. However, the first floors of these houses were destroyed in an earthquake. Still Bulla Regia has structures like Basilicas, Temples, Baths, Villas and many more which exhibit the unique architecture of the region.
Basilicas
On the northern side of the Maison du Trésor in Bulla Regia, you can find two Christian Basilicas of the 6th century. These two Basilicas are well preserved and are well connected with each other. Either of the two features marble column and mosaics of fishes and birds.
Baths of Julia Memmia
The baths of Julia Memmia in Bulla Regia was constructed in 189 A.D. and are the best examples of bathing establishment. It owes its name from Julia Memmia, a wealthy citizen who has the credit of building it. The bath lies on the right side of the ancient street of Bulla Regia. The side of the establishment facing the street has a portico. The portico leads into a hallaway which takes you to the sections of baths which lie in a lower level. Everything in the baths is symmetrically planned. On one side are long rooms supposedly fitness rooms and on the other side is a changing and cold water bath with two pools. The pavements have a mosaic of the Cretan Labyrinth design. On the other end of the entrance are the warm room, hot bath and a steam bath, two of which are enclosed by boiler rooms and a passage. There is also semi-circular apartment, apparently a latrine which lies on the southwest of the building. There is also Diana Building on the east portion of the bath which is probably a residence.
Forum
Lying just south of the Maison de la Pêche in Bulla Regia is the Forum which is the largest public residences of Bulla Regia. The Forum features the Capitol and the temple of Apollo.
House of Amphitrite/ Maison d’Amphitrite
House of Amphitrite or the Maison d’Amphitrite is the best mosaic-preserve to be found in Bulla Regia. Lying to the north-east of the Maison de la Pêche, the House of Amphitrite was most likely the Temple of Neptune. The building has three main rooms and two small chambers across the hallway. The underground passage in the building will lead you to the room featuring the most amazing mosaic art of Venus Marina and Neptune on a marine centaur. There is also the mosaic of the cupid admiring himself on the mirror.
House of the Fishing Scene/ Maison de la Pêche
House of the Fishing Scene/ Maison de la Pêche is accredited of being the best preserved residence in Bulla Regia. House of the Fishing Scene which lies on the other side of the Oum el Abid has its basement well-preserved. There are numerous columns which run in the inner courtyard. The arched gallery has a number of damaged rooms which open off it. The mosaics that are found in the house characterize cupid and duck fishing in the sea.
House of the Hunt/ Maison de la Chasse
The “House of the Hunt” in Bulla Regia which is also known as “Maison de la Chasse,” belongs to a wealthy citizen. The building was built after renovation and combination of several small houses. The upper floor of the building is not well preserved as compared to the ground floor. The lower floor lies 5 meter below the level of ground. The courtyard which lies on the main floor features 8 Corinthian columns of 16 ft high. The rooms that include in the courtyard are the bedrooms and a large dining room. The pathway is paved with mosaic. The building has earned its name from the mosaic which was found in the basement. The rooms which open to the north and west have a very good ventilation system. The earthen baked pipes is connected to an air-shaft which surrounds the room.
House of the New Hunt/ Maison de la Nouvelle Chasse
Maison de la Nouvelle Chasse which is also known as the House of the New Hunt which is located on the north of Maison de la Chasse in Bulla Regia. Found in the year 1972, the building features a dining room which has a beautiful mosaic. Later, it was used as a burial place.
House of the Treasure/ Maison du Trésor
The Maison du Trésor in Bulla Regia has derived its name from the immense treasure of silver found here. The basement of the building has geometric mosaic which is well-preserved.
Market
A street runs from the Forum to the Market featuring small shops. The market in Bulla Regia is a large square which is beautifully paved and surrounded by columns.
Nymphaeum
After passing through the Maison de la Pêche, south to the Maison d’Amphitrite in Bulla Regia, you will find to the left the structure of Nymphaeum which was a water fountain. The fountain still runs but has been modernized with some new installations.
Southern Baths/ Alexander Church
Towards the southern side of the road in Bulla Regia, you will find the relics of Thermes du Sud which is popularly known as Southern Baths. The Southern Bath found in this region measures 60m by 55m. The other structure found in the site is the Alexander Church, a rectangular building having two rows of stone trough. It is also known as Eglise d’Alexandre. It is assumed that the building was used as a storage house of agricultural products. The excavation site revealed jars and amphoras which were used to store corn and oil.
Temple of Apollo
Temple of Apollo can be found in the northern area of Bulla Regia featuring a forecourt and a cella. It also featured the statues of Apollo, Ceres and Aesculapius which were carved out of marble. These marble statues are present in the Bardo Museum in Tunis.
Theater
The theater in Bulla Regia which lies to the south end of the market street was built in the 2nd century. The auditorium of the theater has a diameter of 60 meter and has the lowest tier of seats. The floor of the orchestra is adorned with mosaics representing bears. On the southern end of the theatre is a portico which leads to an esplanade featuring columns, a pool, fountain and also a temple. In this complex, you can also find the relics of a temple of Isis which is on the west side of the theater. More farther is another esplanade which is laid around a garden and encloses public building.
Villas
The Villas in the Bulla Regia usually belong to wealthy people and are named on the basis of mosaics found in the house. Normally, the Roman housed had rooms which lay all over the courtyard featuring columns. The residential quarters were usually underground away from the direct sunlight, thus making it cool and pleasant. The most common design found in Bulla Regia underground pathway connecting three rooms provided with indirect light and air by the shafts. Some of the examples of such plans is the House of the Hunt and the House of the Fishing Scene. |